I am proudly the official editor/writer for a great project in Tanzania, The Orphan Games. I met Javier (the founder of Wheels of Action, an NGO based out of Denmark) in Moshi, and am enthusiastically supporting the awesome work he is doing in Tanzania. Read more about The Orphan Games here:
http://www.wheelsofaction.org/projects/the-orphan-games.html
Facebook (search 'The Orphan Games')
I have been commissioned to write an article defending the use of the word "orphan" in the title of this project (certain sponsors prefer the term 'vulnerable children'). The following is what I have created thus far. Feel free to comment and add suggestions!
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Empowering Orphans: The Need for Candor
A beautiful trend is emerging in the West. More and more citizens of first-world nations are reaching out with hearts, minds and hands to Africa, assisting underprivileged communities with initiatives such as microfinancing, mosquito net donations, HIV awareness and free ARV (antiretroviral) provisions. Tragedy and suffering in Africa has long been recognized, but at last it seems the world is finally willing to work together to help this struggling continent achieve the humanitarian assistance it rightly deserves. Each NGO has its own mission: education, women’s empowerment, health care, environmental protection, care for orphans… A powerful web of support is being weaved – the combined energy of individual volunteerism and government assistance is creating a collective awareness of the issues at hand, while providing the means for ordinary individuals to proactively address these issues.
The Orphan Games project was established as a means of gathering, inspiring and empowering orphans and underprivileged youth through athletic activities. Using competitive sports as a platform, the Orphan Games events in Arusha and Dar es Salaam hope to provide a sense of belonging within the orphan community, promote healthy lifestyle habits, encourage self-respect and respect of others, and facilitate the development of lasting friendships. According to the 2007 statistics compiled by UNICEF (The United Nations Children’s Fund), Tanzania has 2.6 million orphans – 970,000 of these children have been left parentless from the AIDS epidemic.[1] Among the many issues facing impoverished nations, the suffering of parentless children ranks among the most heartrending. Wheels of Action is committed to helping alleviate that suffering by giving orphans the opportunity to experience joy, sportsmanship and a sense of personal achievement. These elements are invaluable in giving underprivileged kids something that is essential to their survival: a sense of hope.
At first glance, the title “Orphan Games” might be seen as stigmatizing, but it is our opinion that the word orphan presents the most accurate and sensitive description of these youth. In a world filled with social inequality, marginalized groups are often viewed and referred to in a derogatory and/or unfavorable manner. This is the basis of stereotypes – an oversimplification of characteristics of a group or class of people, often carrying negative undertones and painting inaccuracies with an unflattering brush. “The effects of stereotyping can fluctuate, but for the most part they are negative, and not always apparent until long periods of time have passed. Over time, some victims of negative stereotypes display self-fulfilling prophecy behavior, in which they assume that the stereotype represents norms to emulate. Negative effects may include forming inaccurate opinions of people, scapegoating, erroneously judgmentalism, preventing emotional identification, distress, and impaired performance. Stereotyping painfully reminds those being judged of how society views them.”
The opposite extreme is the lingo of ‘politically correct’ expressions, words that tread so carefully in communicating meaning that the truth is often blurred and obscured. Used with the intention of minimizing offense to a particular social group, the appropriate nature of the selected terminology is ambiguous, because the selection of such terms is in and of itself subjective.
When referring to marginalized, disadvantaged groups such as orphans, what is needed is an objective, factual reference to these children. If we call them ‘vulnerable children’, defined by Merriam-Webster Dictionary as “capable of being physically or emotionally wounded; open to attack or damage,” we risk presenting a generalized and quite negative opinion of a large group of children, portraying them as weak, frail and debilitated. Certainly some orphans are vulnerable, but to declare the entire subset of children ‘open to attack or damage’ supports an unfavorable and pessimistic stereotype that is difficult for these children to overcome. Instead, by addressing these children as orphans, defined by Merriam-Webster Dictionary as “a child deprived by death of one or usually both parents; one deprived of some protection or advantage,” we categorize this group accurately, factually and objectively.
Orphaned children are greatly disadvantaged; the difficulties orphaned youth will face in their lives are inarguable. Rather than further contribute to the misunderstanding, isolation and social discrimination they will undoubtedly face, volunteer organizations and individuals committed to bettering their lives must begin by accurately and impartially identifying the circumstances of those lives – this begins with the terminology we use in reference to them. The name “orphan” is not derogatory; it is a legitimate, veritable description of their social status. In a life filled with loss, uncertainty and misfortune, these kids deserve respect and validity – this can only begin by identifying and embracing the position that they have unwittingly and tragically found themselves in.
Mtoto umleavyo ndivyo akuavyo.
[the way you raise a child is what he/she will grow to be].
–Swahilli proverb